Startup Hubs Around the World Lisbon

Startup Hubs Around the World Lisbon The recent global economic crisis left Portugal in a state of financial despair. In an effort to begin rebuilding their economy, government officials turned to entrepreneurship as a method of increasing business opportunities. With increased business, the potential for economic growth grows and the stability of the country can be secured. © Shutterstock.com | RrrainbowTo fully understand if entrepreneurs should be heading to Lisbon, we’ll examine 1) the location, 2) the tax incentives, 3) legal incentives, 4) investors, 5) local resources, 6) specialization of the area, and 7) startups to watch.LOCATIONThe capital of Portugal, Lisbon is the country’s largest city and its industrial center. With a rich history, Portugal is hoping that Lisbon can continue to be a vital part of its future through innovation and entrepreneurship. Buildings that date back to the early 1000’s in history are open to the public and are still being used by various social groups to meet and greet.Geographical BenefitsSitting on the mouth of the Tagus River, the city is an active port city and has one of the largest ports in Europe. With mild winters and warm summers, the climate allows for year round enjoyment of the many outdoor activities the area offers. Divided into 24 parishes or districts, the city has a diverse population. Each pa rish has its distinct culture, architecture and living standards that separate it from the neighboring districts. This gives Lisbon a uniquely diversified culture and offers the entrepreneur the opportunity to reach customers from a variety of backgrounds.The city’s steep hills and narrow streets provide a backdrop of scenery that is breathtaking. Finding a more idyllic location to establish a startup would be hard to do; the city of Lisbon has started to grow into its future success and the beauty of the countryside supplies the viewer with a daily dose of peace.Advantages of choosing the cityEntrepreneurs who choose Lisbon as their startup hub are selecting a city that is on the verge of breaking into the world’s marketplace. By being some of the first to establish businesses in the city, the entrepreneur is on the forefront of the investment surge that is expected to befall on Lisbon.Lisbon is the wealthiest city in Portugal and produces approximately half of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). As the number of startups in Lisbon grows, the number of angel seed investors available should grow as well. Drawing from the large number of wealthy individuals available to invest in a startup, one would think that it would be easy to know how many investors there are in Lisbon. Due to the mysterious and shy nature of the Portuguese people, it is likely there will never be an accurate count.The city has an extensive and reliable transportation system. A combination of trams, trains, trolleys, and ferries are used across the city, and plans are in place to further extend the scope of the process. Moving around the city is easily accomplished, making it convenient for entrepreneurs to navigate the city.A thriving cultural center, Lisbon is home to historic architecture from virtually every era of design for the last five hundred years. There are several sizeable museums throughout the city and the opera house hosts a range of performances every year.Gre en spaces dot the city’s landscape, offering flowering plants and trees that not only beautify the city, but refresh the mind. Allowing for opportunities for relaxation, the cultural aspect of life in Lisbon provides the atmosphere entrepreneurs need to be innovative and the forms of recreation they need to be rested.TAX INCENTIVESWhile the government has been working to promote entrepreneurship within the country, they have not begun to offer tax incentives that are enticing to startups. Currently, most companies started in Portugal are faced with high overhead taxes, making it cost prohibitive for entrepreneurs to start a business. Financially troubled, the government may be attempting to recoup as much investment as possible through their taxes. While this attitude may make sense on the outside, the reality is that the higher taxes prevent companies from starting a new business, resulting in the loss of even more potential revenue.Corporate tax rates are typically approximately 24%, and new tax reductions can reduce the tax burden to 7.5%. While this newly lowered rate is impressive, only a very small portion of companies can take advantage of it. The remaining bulk of corporations is stuck with their higher rates.To help reduce corporate taxes, however, the government has included a new scheme to reduce or eliminate the firm’s responsibility for value added tax. This deduction has allowed companies to free up some cash that can be spent in upgrading equipment, establishing better communication systems or meeting the needs of their company, or whatever other needs the computer may have.Tax reductions introduced in 2013 provided a 20% tax deduction on investments of up to 5 million euros.Financial incentives to establish a startup hub in Lisbon are important, but not essential. The tax deductions and reductions allow for cash strapped company to free up needed cash to keep working. For a city like Lisbon, however, where there are other cities competing f or your affection, the presence (or absence) of tax incentives from a list of benefits for a city can be a deal breaker. If Lisbon truly wants to compete in a global market as a startup hub, tax incentives are going to be important. There must be a clear and concise indication of the benefits for entrepreneurs, the company and investors.Lisbon Startup City LEGAL INCENTIVESEstablishing a startup in Lisbon is easier than ever. A renewed focus on entrepreneurship motivated the government of Portugal to increase the incentives for startups. As part of their innovation initiative, the government streamlined the process of corporate filing. What typically would have taken entrepreneurs several weeks is now handled with the push of a button.Beyond this, however, there is not much support for a company that wishes to emerge as a startup leader in the tech industry. Lisbon has been struggling to regain its footing after the financial crisis of the early 2000’s. Why was no effort made to co rrect the problems that the city was facing the crisis become serious? There isn’t a clear answer. What the country can do now, however, is to deliver quality and consistent content, designed to reach present and future customers.Relatively small in comparison with other startup hubs, many people feel as though the hurdles Lisbon faces are insurmountable. With a heavy economic setback during the financial crises, the chance for entrepreneurs to have access to the resources of a company is scarce. There will always be room for a handful of entrepreneurs who can find success, but on a global level, many people think that Lisbon just won’t be able to make the cut.Finding a lawyer who specializes in entrepreneurship is important to make sure that the paperwork is all completed properly and on time. The government has streamlined a lot of the procedures, but it is in the startup’s best interest to have the paperwork all double checked by someone who can understand the language, as well as the culture to make sure things get started off on the right foot.INVESTORSLisbon hosted their first ever investor summit during the fall of 2014. Eighteen companies pitched their startup to a room full of potential venture capitalists and angel fund managers. The event was hosted by Portugal Ventures, a state backed funding company, in an effort to highlight the potential that Lisbon has. While there were no stunning investment offers made that night, the companies who attended the workshop indicated that they saw a few things that made them want to have additional conversations with the startups.A growing number of investors in Lisbon is a clear indication that the country of Portugal, albeit slowly, is beginning to emerge from the economic crisis that plagued them. Finding investors who are willing to commit to startups in various stages of growth can be difficult in a country that is reticent about their accomplishments. This could explain why there are several state-bun dled funding programs that are backed by the financial resources of the government designed to help students want to stay.Why Lisbon? LOCAL RESOURCESThe city of Lisbon has two universities and a polytechnic university. The students graduating from these institutions are highly trained and equipped to become entrepreneurs or to become designers and programmers for startups. With over 100,000 students attending annually, there is a constant supply of students to fill positions and diligently work in the tech market.Startup Lisboa is a city funded program that is designed to give entrepreneurs the chance they need to succeed. In the almost two years, the program has been around they have helped over 100 startups â€" only 3% of those companies failed. With a unique co-working space and opportunities for companies to learn from each other, they offer some of the best mentoring programs they have done this year.Beta-I and Lisbon Startup Pirates are a few more examples of the government fo rmed incubators that Lisbon hosts. These incubators provide office sharing; they offer support and technology, but most importantly they provide entrepreneurs with the resources they most need at a time when companies are less likely to want to win.Portugal Ventures is another city funded initiative that scouts out technical firms and gives feedback. They invest in startups at all stages of company development: seed, startup, growth. As goals are met at each stage, PV introduces the startup to other potential funding sources and provides resources or education. The active partnership focuses on sales growth and makes connections where possible that can benefit startups down the road.The low cost of living adds to the attractiveness of the housing market in Lisbon. With very limited extraneous spending, entrepreneurs are often thought of as sleeping in the office, or sharing a tight apartment with other entrepreneurs. These situations do happen, but they are rare in Lisbon where the business district is near downtown, and there are plenty of available apartments.The people of Lisbon speak Portuguese. This language, with similarities to Spanish, is a dialect that can be challenging to learn. It is imperative that the entrepreneur find someone to act as a translator, to ensure that the initial corporate setups were handled correctly and that any questions may be answered before it becomes difficult to make changes or corrections.SPECIALIZATIONLisbon has begun to specialize in technology markets, focusing their efforts on attracting entrepreneurs who are interested in developing new and innovative technologies. There is evidence that their efforts are beginning to pay off â€" the development of several incubator and city backed funds allows the entrepreneur to focus on their company and not worry about finding rent money.As a smaller city, developing a specialized innovation hub is not as necessary as it is in a large metropolis. The larger city, Lisbon, for exam ple, have an easier time securing office spaces and living quarters. Despite the crowding of the large population, entrepreneurs have been able to find space for their offices relatively easily.There are, however, several key issues that the city of Lisbon will have to overcome if it is truly to become a global powerhouse. Primarily, there needs to be more agreement between the government of Lisbon and the entrepreneurs who are already on the field. Offering tax incentives that benefit every startup â€" big or small â€" and regardless of the type of industry they are in will go a long way in encouraging others to see the benefits of setting up in Lisbon. Legalized incentives that include an entrepreneur visa, an easy to follow step by step instruction on filing corporate returns and other paperwork could go a long way in giving entrepreneurs hope in their future.STARTUPS TO WATCHLimetree: Managing the digital files of photographs can be tricky. If you’re investigating your family tree, or want to simply have a digital shoebox to store all your photos in, Limetree is the company you need. Options for sharing your files with friends and family are available, and there is printing from your device, so when you see that perfect picture, you can feel free to take it â€" no matter what device you’re using.Wegoout: An online social calendar, wegoout offers users a customized look at the events going on in your neighborhood or town. A tracking option allows you to keep an eye on upcoming events, find out what festivals are happening around town and never miss a social opportunity again!MusicBox: Taking your favorite songs and artists everywhere you go is easy when you sign up for MusicBox. With unlimited playtime and no interruptions, your music can go where ever you go.LiveSketching: Adding a unique twist to the next board meeting will be easy when you use Live Sketching. Live Sketching’s artists create unique cartoon style sketches of events, family stories, e tc. in an easy to understand and fun way.Interestingly, finding startups that are based in Lisbon proved to be rather difficult. A listing of companies published late 2013 was filled with over half of the links either out of service or the company had gone defunct. The companies that stay and launch out of Lisbon are companies that have committed themselves to the process or project.Lisbon has the potential to become a startup hub â€" it has most of the elements that are included in typical larger cities. An interesting balance between work and play the beauty of the surroundings make play easy to enjoy, while the work is hard and requires long hours. At the end of it, however, Lisbon has to continue to grow and learn; it must continue to accommodate the changing needs of the technology marketplace.

Internal Analysis External Analysis - 3595 Words

External Analysis MGT 431 Section 1. Identifying The Industry Within the industry of plastic surgery the total revenue is currently around 13.5 billion dollars and still growing at an annual growth rate of 2.3 percent. The growth rate is expected to rise to around 5.5% in the next five years according to Ibisworld.com. In 2012, the industry reported around 12 billion dollars of revenue for both surgical and non-surgical procedures, which indicated a 12 percent overall increase in procedures according to surgery.org. The top five surgical procedures over the most recent year were injectables, laser hair removal, chemical peels, breast augmentations and reductions, and microdermabrasion. In 2012 the top five procedures were liposuction,†¦show more content†¦With the information provided, in comparing the industry to Porters Five Forces, the market has a lot of room to grow and it will do so. There is plenty of competition, yet the barrier to entry is low and the industry is still within the realms of developing a â€Å"dominant design † for general practitioners to use that could control the market in the future. According to IBIS World, the barriers to entry are medium and the most challenging barriers are government regulations, competition, and technological change. â€Å"Everybody is looking for no down time, limited costs, and maximum results†, says Robert Singer, a board-certified plastic surgeon. The types of products sold within the industry are generally segmented into two categories. The two major categories are surgical and non-surgical procedures. Throughout the years non-surgical and surgical procedures have continued and are predicted to continue to increase with more non-surgical operations taking place than surgical operations. This may be due to the fact that within non-surgical treatments there is a wider diversification and implementation of treatments. Not to mention, with the wider variation in treatments there is reduced government regulation. Therefor, cutting the cost for t hese treatments and providing a basis for a more general market with varying income backgrounds to take part in the services offered at differing price ranges. Products available to customers in this industry

Catcher in the Rye Thesis Essay - 610 Words

Catcher in the Rye Thesis Essay The novel Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger is very interesting novel in which the main character, Holden, intrigues the reader with his unpredictable actions and upfront judgments of his surroundings. Holden alienates himself to try and help protect him from the outside world and conserve his innocence. He constantly proves this to reader many in times in the novel by, telling characters he feels different, wearing clothing that makes him stand out even though it may make him look stupid, and failing to come through in relationships with characters in the story. The first time that Holden really declares to the reader his tendency of alienation is during his conversation with Mr. Spencer. Spencer†¦show more content†¦This hat provides Holden with a perfect and easy way to alienate himself from society and in doing so protect himself. Holden allows the reader to hypothesize that he is attracted to a girl named Jane Gallagher, by constantly telling of his fond memories of her, but when push comes to shove his tendency to alienation himself from society, to protect himself from losing his innocence, takes him over. On page 116 of the novel, Holden tells the reader that after he got his sister a record he went to a phone booth and called Janes house. But when her mother picked up the phone he hung up. Holden tells the reader that he didnt feel like getting into a long conversation with her mother so he hung up but in reality Holdens personal preference of alienating himself frightened him and prevented him of making any contact with Jane. Holdens constantly telling that he is different from everyone else, who he defines as phonies, wearing his hunting cap to make him standout in society, and inability to make a social contact with a Jane Gallagher, who he constantly brings up, are just a few lucid examples of his self-alienation of society. Holden feels and uses this alienation to protect himself from the harshness of society is this constant defense m echanism eventually leads to hisShow MoreRelatedCatcher in the Rye1445 Words   |  6 PagesENG 3U1 – The Catcher in the Rye Essay Outline Assignment Task: Pick one of the essay prompts below. Your answer to the prompt will be the thesis of your essay. Thoughtfully and carefully craft an essay outline to develop and defend your thesis. Be concise and to the point, this is only an outline! You may consult your agenda, previous notes and our class for essay writing tips. Be sure to use text-based evidence to support your thesis. 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Ceballos Lincoln And King Free Essays

I will also discuss at least one thing that separates them, what stands out most in mind twine the two writings mentioned above, and explain how the story Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell adds to my perspective of Lincoln address and Kings letter. â€Å"l have no fear about the outcome of our struggle in Birmingham, even if our motives are at present misunderstood. We will reach the goal of freedom in Birmingham and all over the nation, because the goal of America is freedom. We will write a custom essay sample on Ceballos Lincoln And King or any similar topic only for you Order Now Abused and scorned we may be, our destiny is tied up with America’s destiny†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ writes Martin Luther King Jar. In Letter from Birmingham Jail (p. 29). â€Å"With malice toward none; with charity for all; with ermines in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation’s wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow, and his orphan-to do all which may achieve and cherish a just, and lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all nations† said Abraham Lincoln in his Second Inaugural Speech (p. 815). So as you can understand, both men wanted best for their country. MILK and Lincoln wanted to heal the pain and suffering that our country has sustained. Though it took many years for their dream to become reality it eventually did. Their hard work and dedication made an impact on our country. Martin Luther King Jar. Was an activist, preacher and a civil rights leader. Though, during his time in the Birmingham jail he was being categorized as an extremist. He quotes Abraham Lincoln in his letter by writing â€Å"And Abraham Lincoln: This nation cannot survive half slave and half free† (p. 826). He is trying to explain that isn’t Abraham Lincoln amongst others â€Å"extremist† because they are fighting for something they believe in whether it is love, Christian gospel, or equality. Lincoln was our 16th President had led our country through the Civil War. Lincoln also wanted equal rights for African Americans. So King fought hard for African American rights even though he Was persecuted and Lincoln led us through a War and abolished slavery. Lincoln states his Second Inaugural Speech â€Å"Neither party expected for the war, the magnitude, or the duration, which it has already attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease with, or even before, the conflict itself should cease† (p. 814). Lincoln wanted to build a strong nation after that. In both Lincoln address and King’s letter they mention God a lot so it seems to me that they both believed in God’s will and power. In Kings letter he writes ‘We will win our freedom because the sacred heritage of our nation and the eternal God are embodied in our echoing demand† (p. 829). Lincoln says in his address†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ As was said three thousand years ago, so still must be said the judgment of the Lord are true and righteous altogether† (p. 814). Both men feel that God is someone they highly believe in and that God is a part of what is happening. What stands out the most to me in both Lincoln address and King’s speech are how many times God is mentioned. I can see in Lincoln address he mentions God at least 6 times. In King’s letter he mentions God at least 14 times. In present day there are so many restrictions on religion. Have never heard any political public figure mention God as much. Like that both have a heavily belief in God. I like fewer restrictions but with so many people having different Gods can see why we have those restrictions. Lastly, the story Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell is about a police officer who is expected to kill an aggressive elephant. The elephant had got loose because it was in heat but was actually a tamed elephant. The police officer in no way wanted to harm this elephant let alone shoot and kill him. Orwell writes â€Å"But at that moment glanced round at the crowd that had followed me. They did not like me, but with this magical rifle in my hands I was momentarily worth watching’ (p. 787). He ends up shooting the elephant but feels terrible because the elephant dies a slow death. â€Å"l often wonder whether any of the others grasped that I had done it solely to avoid looking like a fool† Orwell writes (p. 89) In this case he didn’t do what e believed in, he didn’t go against what he felt was right, he decided to look like a hero instead of a fool in other people’s eyes. The difference between Lincoln and King is that they fought for what they believed in regardless of what people thought. They did the right thing. Of course so many people didn’t like them but that w as important to them. So even though one was our President and the other was a civil rights leader, Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther had many things in common. Both men fought long and hard for what they believed in, they both were leaders and they both believed in God. How to cite Ceballos Lincoln And King, Papers

National Cranberry Essay Sample free essay sample

How might transport vehicles be utilized more efficaciously? Should crews be scheduled otherwise on extremum yearss? Would the installing of a berry grader positively impact the farmers’ income or the cooperative’s? What is the impact of put ining one new drier? Two new driers? Walliston – overseer at RP1 put in 2 new driers ( $ 25. 000 each ) and convert dry berry keeping bins so that they can be used to hive away either H2O harvested or dry berries ( $ 5000 per bin ) Equipment and installing lead times are in surplus of 6 months Hugo Schaeffer – Vice President at NCC ( National Cranberry Cooperative ) Mel O’Biren – helper Spent $ 75000 – 5th Kiwanee dump truckTimeframe – Feb 14. 1971Percentage of H2O harvested berries this twelvemonth will increase to 70 % of toal procedure fruit from last year’s 58 % Overtime costs were still out of control – this autumn Agriculturists upset – Trucks and drivers had to pass so much clip waiting to unload procedure fruit into the receiving works. We will write a custom essay sample on National Cranberry Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Agriculturists – proprietors of the coperative resent have to rent trucks and hire drivers to acquire berries out of the field and so watch them stand idle. waiting to drop. By ciphering implied use of every procedure. we found that the drying procedure for wet berries is a constriction ofRP1. Use of driers is 180 % ! ! ! ( comparing to 8~48 % of other procedures. it is so debatable ) . Because of this constriction. 480 barrel of wet cranberries are non processed per hr on an mean â€Å"busy† twenty-four hours ( 17. 280 bbls arrive over the 12-hour period ) . As a consequence. our impermanent retention bins are full from 1:40pm to 11:16pm. the dumping procedure ( =truck waiting ) is unbroken traveling until 11:16pm. and RP1 shut-down clip is delayed to 4:36am. This means. our company has to pay immense money for overtime and dumping cost. To work out this job. I strongly recommend you to add one more drier to drying procedure. We can salvage $ 61. 819 overtime cost and $ 13. 659 truck drivers’ waiting cost. However. the cost for put ining a drier is merely $ 25. 000. We can salvage $ 75. 478! With one more drier. we can shorten over clip from 5. 6hours to 0. 2hours and truck waiting clip reduced from 7. 6hours to0. 8hours. Because 0. 2hours and 0. 8hours are so little Numberss. we did non cipher the instance when we invest on adding two driers. Merely in instance. we notify you that you do non necessitate to see new investing on bins transition which can non work out the job of overtime cost and net cost economy is $ 96. 206. Even though it is non related to above constriction issue. investing on light metre system for colour scaling is rather sensible. Last twelvemonth. we pay $ 337. 500more because of inaccurate categorization. Installing light metre system costs merely $ 40. 000. We can salvage $ 297. 500! To abridge. we recommend you to put on one extra drier and light metre system. What is the intent of the storage bins? Why do storage bins need to be converted? How many should be converted?

One-Upmanship essays

One-Upmanship essays In a society of one-upmanship it falls on us to create an environment which is conducive to harmonious and peaceful coexistence....a Herculean task, not a mean feat to be accomplished effortlessly. In a society where one needs to get noticed amongst a sea of people to be given some credibility for ones merits, one-upmanship is a constant phenomenon governing ones life. Be it the daily mundane cores, to achieve ones own personal end or any lifetime achievement in a larger perspective that of the country, the world or humanity. That then instills in every human being a sense of competition and where there is competition there follows at heels the spirit of ruthlessness, and needless to add in a ruthless atmosphere, there is no place for mutual sympathy or any compassion for the other and the atmosphere is far from harmonious one. Competition is the spirit of one-upmanship and it certainly is not a healthy trend, as many tend to put it, of stretching oneself to reach ones own maximum po tential. On the contrary it simply inculcates the negative feelings of always wanting to outdo the other and in that process end up humiliating the other person, which again, is a total negation of harmony. I guess we can debate for hours whether competition is a natural principle, or whether it is something that is a result of our surroundings and our conditioning. The world is in a bad shape. There are too many obsolete and incomplete paradigms and competition is one of them. We are told that competition is good for us. It is a powerful, deeply entrenched and old-fashioned principle. It is not a paradigm of mutual benefit, but rather of winning and losing. It is incomplete. Take a soccer match, for example. Can both teams win? Dig deep into your imaginations. If the principle were to be "stretch" rather than "competition", both teams could win. The game could always be a draw and each team would try to do better next time. They w...

The Lapsus Calami of Principle for Principal

The Lapsus Calami of Principle for Principal The Lapsus Calami of Principle for Principal The Lapsus Calami of Principle for Principal By Maeve Maddox The third time I let the erroneous â€Å"principle parts† slip into a published post instead of the correct â€Å"principal parts,† I began to worry. Why would I continue to make this mistake even though I know perfectly well that the word spelled principle is used only as a noun and never as an adjective? Principal, on the other hand, is usually an adjective, although it may also be used as a noun: principle (noun): a fundamental truth; a rule adopted as a guide to action. The desire to help the helpless is a basic principle of morality. She lives according to the principle that it is always possible to be kind. principal (adjective): most important; highest in rank or order. Dr. Singh is the principal author of the study. It’s necessary to memorize the principal parts of irregular verbs. principal (noun): a person occupying the most important position in an organization or activity. Mr. McCarthy has been named the principal in the lawsuit. Ms. Washington is the principal at Jones School. According to Sigmund Freud, when we make an error in speech (â€Å"a slip of the tongue†) or an error in writing (lapsus calami), we are being guided by â€Å"a subdued wish, conflict, or train of thought guided by the ego and the rules of correct behavior.† Cognitive psychologists, on the other hand, say that such slips can be caused by mere inattention or lack of knowledge. Knowing that my errors with principal/principle weren’t the result of lack of knowledge or inattention (I proof these posts at least six times before submitting them), I read further. I think I’ve found my answer in this explanation quoted in the Wikipedia article â€Å"Freudian Slip†: [these errors may be caused by] the existence of some locally appropriate response pattern that is strongly primed by its prior usage, recent activation or emotional change or by the situation calling conditions. My slip with principal/principle always occurs in the context of writing about the principal parts of the verb. And what are these parts? They are: present, past, past participle, and present participle. I think my brain anticipates the -le of the word participle. That may explain why I write the term incorrectly, but why don’t I catch the error when I proofread? Tom Stafford, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Sheffield in England, says that it’s difficult to catch errors because the brain generalizes the simple components of sentences so it can focus on complex tasks, like combining sentences into ideas. We don’t catch errors because we don’t see them. Writing about typographical errors, Freud cites a case in which an article had been carefully proofed by the author and the editor-in-chief of the paper in which it was to be published; both men were satisfied that everything was correct. The printer’s reader caught the mistake that the other men missed: Our readers will bear witness to the fact that we have always acted in a  selfish  manner for the good of the community. The intended word was unselfish. Stafford suggests that one way to catch errors to which we’ve become blind is to change the font and colors of the proof copy; changing the visual form makes it easier to see details we would otherwise miss. It’s also probably a good idea to acquaint yourself with your own particular bà ªtes noires and be on the lookout for them. Things like mixing up principal and principle. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Spelling Test 1Peace of Mind and A Piece of One's MindHow to Write a Proposal